Infrastructure investments, when carefully designed and implemented, can be an effective policy tool to address key employment challenges. For instance, in conflict and disaster situations, short-term emergency infrastructure work may be designed as part of recovery actions, providing entry points for longer-term development work. In other cases, when an economy faces structural challenges with limited labour market opportunities for formal work, long-term public employment programmes can be designed as a counter-cyclical policy tool. In both cases, infrastructure investments, throughout their lifecycle, have a significant potential to address key bottlenecks that hinder development, including rural and urban poverty and people's vulnerability. Such infrastructure investments contribute ultimately to a range of other longer-term development agendas such as SDGs, including local economic development, inclusive societies, and environmental rehabilitation. By the end of the course, participants will be able to - Identify the rationale for promoting employment-intensive approaches in delivering public investments: - Explore the Employment-Intensive Investment Programme (EIIP) thematic areas of work and related product lines - Assess how ILO core values cut across and strengthen all EIIP interventions; - Analyse EIIP implementation challenges at the national, local, or community level; - Adopt feasible approaches to the optimization of employment opportunities that can help meet local infrastructure needs.